Network World
Cartoon of a man being checked on biometric features
Author Welleman
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Gotcha! FBI launches new biometric systems to nail criminals
Computerworld - Nearly 80 years after it began collecting fingerprints on index cards as a way to identify criminals, the Federal Bureau of
Investigation is moving to a new system that improves the accuracy and performance of its existing setup while adding more
biometrics.
By adding palm print, face and iris image search capabilities, the FBI's Criminal Justice Information Services Division (CJIS)
hopes to improve the accuracy of identity searches, make it easier to positively identify and track criminals as they move
through the criminal justice system and provide a wider range of tools for crime scene investigators.
To take full advantage of all of the new capabilities, however, federal, state and local law enforcement agencies may need to update their own systems to be able to capture the data, forward it to the FBI and search against the nationwide database.
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NGI timeline
1924
The FBI makes its first foray into biometrics, with fingerprints on index cards.
1980
FBI launches its first computer system created to search fingerprint files.
1992
FBI debuts the Criminal Justice Information Services Division.
1995
The Bureau begins work on the Integrated Automated Fingerprint ID System database (IAFIS) to automate fingerprint collection and retrieval.
1999
IAFIS is fully deployed.
2008
Development of the $1.2 billion Next Generation Identification (NGI) system begins.
February 2011
CJIS delivers a more powerful computer system with a more accurate algorithm to match flat and rolled fingerprints to the criminal master file database.
August 2011
The FBI adds the Repository of Individuals of Special Concern, which includes "the worst of the worst" criminals, and launches a system that lets officers in the field use a mobile system to scan two fingers of the suspect and query NGI for a nearly instantaneous response.
February 2012
The FBI launches Interstate Photo System Facial Recognition Pilot with three states, which allows searches against more than 15 million mug shots.
May 2013
A new latent fingerprint matching feature, which matches fingerprints found at a crime scene with those in the system, debuts, with nearly three times greater accuracy. FBI launches a new palm print database and search service; the new system handles 200,000 requests per day with a response time of 10 seconds or less.
2014
- Facial recognition service to go live.
- Iris recognition pilot to launch.
- IAFIS system to be decommissioned.
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"Most booking stations are starting to gather all of the modalities -- fingerprints, palm, and face and iris," says Jon Kevin Reid, assistant section chief in the CJIS division. But many regional and local law enforcement systems don't yet capture all of that information, and will need to upgrade their own systems to reap the benefits from the new system.
The current database, the FBI's Integrated Automated Fingerprint ID System (IAFIS), includes information on 135 million criminals and terrorists, as well as civil servants and other citizens who work in "positions of trust."
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